Specialty billing / Radiology

Radiology medical billing services

A single scan can produce two billable services under one order. We code the professional and technical sides correctly, keep pace with authorization rules that change by payer, and recover the claims a busy imaging group doesn’t have time to chase.

Serving radiology groups, imaging centers and hospital-based readers nationwide
Where radiology billing gets complicated

Radiology billing runs on volume, not exceptions

A radiology group can read several hundred studies in a day, each one a small dollar amount on its own. The rules for imaging claims also differ from an office visit: two components, payer-specific authorization, and coding that changes by contrast, technique and body region.

01

Payment reduction on same-day studies

When a patient gets two imaging studies in one session, Medicare reduces the technical component of the second one by half. Missing that adjustment either underpays the group or creates an overpayment a payer later recoups.

02

Reads happen across state lines

Teleradiology means the physician reading the study and the patient having it done are often in different states, which raises questions about licensure, the right NPI, and how the claim should be coded for that setting.

03

Accreditation gates the payment

A facility furnishing the technical component of MRI, CT or PET in a non-hospital setting has to hold current accreditation from a body CMS recognizes, or Medicare won't pay that part of the claim at all.

Screening vs. diagnostic mammography

The two use different codes and different cost-sharing rules for the patient. Coding a diagnostic follow-up as a screening exam, or the reverse, creates a payer correction and an unhappy patient bill.

Bundled supplies in interventional cases

Catheters, wires and embolization material used during an image-guided procedure are usually bundled into the procedure code, not billed as separate line items.

Locum and after-hours coverage

A covering radiologist reading overnight or during a partner's absence bills under the substitute-physician rules, not simply under the group's usual biller of record.

Multi-state licensure

A radiologist reading studies for facilities in several states needs an active license, and often a separate payer enrollment, in each one.

Common billing mistakes

Where imaging claims lose money

Most radiology denials trace back to a short list of repeat mistakes. None of them are complicated once you see the pattern, but at high volume they add up fast.

!

Payment reduction skipped. The technical component on the second same-session study gets billed at full value instead of the reduced rate, and the overpayment gets clawed back later.

!

Wrong site-of-service code. A study read for a freestanding center gets billed with a hospital-based place-of-service code, which changes the allowed amount and can trigger a payer review.

!

Screening billed as diagnostic. A routine screening mammogram coded as diagnostic removes the patient's no-cost-sharing protection and can draw a payer audit.

!

Substitute reads under the wrong NPI. An overnight or vacation-coverage read gets submitted under the primary radiologist instead of the correct substitute-physician modifier.

!

Authorization confirmed for the wrong CPT. The RBM approves one imaging code, but the study performed uses a different one, and the mismatch denies the claim even though authorization exists.

!

Interventional supplies unbundled. Catheters and embolic material get billed as separate lines when the payer's edits say they belong inside the procedure code.

Coding and documentation

The code has to match what was actually done

Imaging CPT codes are specific to modality, region, contrast and, for some studies, whether more than one body area was scanned in the same session.

CPT examples

For illustration. The correct code depends on the modality, region, contrast and technique documented in the report.

71250 / 71260 / 71270 · CT chest, no / with / combo contrast 7372173723 · MRI lower extremity joint 76805 / 76811 · OB ultrasound, standard vs. detailed 77080 · bone density (DXA) scan 7557175574 · cardiac CT scoring & angiography 78452 · myocardial perfusion imaging 77063 · screening breast tomosynthesis (add-on) 3690136906 · dialysis circuit imaging & intervention
The order and the signed report carry the claim. A payer wants a stated clinical reason for the study, the technique actually used including contrast, the findings, and a final signed impression. When a radiologist issues a corrected or addended report after the original read, that correction needs to reach billing before the claim goes out, not after a denial comes back.

Where diagnosis codes and imaging line up

The reason on the order has to match the study's medical necessity policy for that payer.

  • Circulatory (I codes) — stroke workups, vascular imaging, DVT ultrasound
  • Respiratory (J codes) — pneumonia follow-up, pulmonary nodule CT
  • Digestive (K codes) — abdominal pain workups, gallbladder ultrasound
  • Endocrine (E codes) — thyroid nodule ultrasound
  • Pregnancy & perinatal (O & Z codes) — routine and high-risk OB ultrasound
Prior authorization and compliance

Advanced imaging still needs a green light first

Most MRI, CT, PET and nuclear studies route through a radiology benefit manager before they happen. Which vendor a payer uses, and what that vendor requires, varies by plan.

Benefit manager

HealthHelp

Uses a peer-to-peer, education-first review model for advanced imaging and works with payers including Humana in several markets.

Benefit manager

National Imaging Associates

An affiliate of Magellan Health that manages non-emergent outpatient imaging authorization for a number of Medicaid managed-care and commercial plans.

Benefit manager

Cohere Health

A newer AI-assisted platform that several large payers, including Humana, now use for diagnostic imaging authorization and real-time decisioning.

Federal requirement · MIPPA

Non-hospital imaging needs accreditation

A facility furnishing the technical component of MRI, CT or PET outside a hospital has to hold current accreditation from a CMS-recognized body such as the American College of Radiology, the Joint Commission or the Intersocietal Accreditation Commission. Without it, Medicare denies that part of the claim regardless of how the study was coded.

Federal requirement · MQSA

Mammography carries its own certification

Every facility performing mammography, screening or diagnostic, needs current certification under the Mammography Quality Standards Act, with equipment and staffing reviewed on a recurring basis. A lapsed certification stops reimbursement for the technical component even if the read itself was correct.

Payer rules keep shifting. A growing number of states, and some payers directly, now exempt providers with a high approval history from routine authorization on specific procedures, a practice known as gold carding. The exemption is procedure-specific and reviewed periodically, not a blanket pass, so we track eligibility payer by payer rather than assuming last year's status still applies.
Revenue cycle process

Getting paid starts before the patient is scanned

Most imaging denials are decided before the study even happens. Once the exam is done, the work is disciplined follow-through.

01

Confirm

Eligibility, benefits and the correct CPT-specific authorization checked before the appointment.

02

Pull charges

Every completed study captured from RIS and PACS, so nothing gets read and never billed.

03

Code

Component, contrast, bundling and payment-reduction rules applied to match what the report documents.

04

Submit

Claims scrubbed against payer edits before they go out, not after a denial comes back.

05

Appeal

Denials worked by root cause, with the report and order attached to support each appeal.

06

Reconcile

Payments posted and matched line by line against the fee schedule, and AR followed until it's resolved.

Why A2Z Billings

Set up around how your group actually reads studies.

Whether your radiologists read on-site, cover overnight from another state, or split professional and technical billing with a separate facility, we build the workflow around that arrangement instead of a generic template.

Coding Prior auth Denial appeals Credentialing Payment posting Compliance

Coders who track payment-reduction rules

Same-session bundling and technical-component reductions applied at the coding stage, not caught later in an audit.

Authorization tracked across every vendor

HealthHelp, National Imaging Associates and Cohere Health, plus which payers now exempt high-performing providers from routine review.

Credentialing that keeps up with coverage

State licenses, payer enrollment and accreditation status monitored for every location and every covering radiologist.

Reporting broken out by modality

Denial reasons by CT, MRI, ultrasound and nuclear medicine, not just a single number for the whole group.

Frequently asked questions

Radiology billing questions we hear often

What is the payment reduction on same-day imaging studies?
Medicare reduces the technical component of the second and any later imaging study performed for the same patient in the same session by half, when the same physician or group furnishes both. A smaller reduction also applies to the professional component of those additional studies. Missing the reduction on a claim creates an overpayment that gets recouped later.
Do screening and diagnostic mammography bill differently?
Yes. Screening mammography is coded and covered as a preventive service, generally with no cost-sharing for the patient. A diagnostic mammogram, ordered because of a symptom or a screening finding, uses a different code and may carry cost-sharing depending on the plan, though a growing number of states now limit that as well.
Does every imaging facility need federal accreditation?
A facility furnishing the technical component of MRI, CT, PET or nuclear medicine outside a hospital needs accreditation from a CMS-recognized body. Mammography carries a separate certification requirement of its own under federal law, reviewed on a recurring cycle. Either one lapsing stops payment on the technical side.
How does billing work when a radiologist reads across state lines?
Teleradiology reads are usually billed the same way an on-site read would be, using the place of service where the imaging was performed rather than a telehealth code, since Medicare doesn't treat asynchronous image interpretation as a telehealth service. The radiologist still needs an active license, and often a separate payer enrollment, in the state where the patient had the study done.
What is prior-authorization gold carding, and does it remove the review step entirely?
Gold carding exempts a provider with a high approval history from routine prior authorization on a specific procedure, based on rules set by a state law or a payer's own program. The exemption applies procedure by procedure, gets reviewed on a set cycle, and can be lost if approval rates or ordering patterns change, so it needs monitoring rather than being treated as permanent.
How should supplies used in an image-guided procedure be billed?
Catheters, guidewires and embolic material used during an interventional radiology procedure are typically bundled into the procedure code under the payer's coding edits rather than billed as their own line items. Billing them separately when they're bundled is a common cause of denial and, if it goes unnoticed, an audit finding.
Who bills for a radiologist covering overnight or during a partner's leave?
A covering radiologist reading under a locum tenens or reciprocal-billing arrangement is billed under the substitute-physician rules, using the appropriate modifier, rather than simply submitted under the primary radiologist's own billing. Getting this wrong is an easy way to trigger a payer inquiry even when the read itself was correct.
Request a consultation

Find out where your imaging claims are actually losing money

If payment reductions, authorization delays or coding mismatches are quietly cutting into collections, we'll walk through your current process and point to exactly where the revenue is going.